SATELLITES AND SPACE PROBES
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Background information in the press section
Technical Masterpiece from Astrium is 17 Years in Space |
The space age began in 1957 when Sputnik 1 was the first artificial celestial body to orbit the earth. At the time, nobody foresaw the development trends and the dimensions of future space travel. Although the first space missions were still motivated by the desire to conquer the moon and other planets in order to use these as a launch pad for journeys to the stars, scientists soon recognized the benefits of applications associated with the earth. “Flight to the stars” became “space travel for the earth”.
Spacecraft are divided into various basic categories, which are then subdivided into further areas of application:
The concept of applications and payload satellites includes an entire group of satellite systems. It comprises spacecraft used for communication, navigation, earth observation and environmental protection. These satellites are therefore used for special research areas and are fitted with specific instruments, equipment and sensors matched to their particular missions.
Different categories of satellite types can be grouped under scientific satellites. These satellite types include probes that carry out research into the planets and their natural satellites within our solar system, as well as the central star, our sun. They also include astronomical satellites that are used to explore the depths of the universe – stars, galaxies and various phenomena in the universe. Earth observation and navigation satellites are often included, because they deliver scientific data for evaluation. Scientific satellites are often also referred to as research satellites.
Since the beginning of the rocket and space age, the focus of attention has been on earth observation from space for purposes of reconnaissance. Satellite technology has provided us with opportunities to identify situations that are relevant for security. Satellites are in a position to pinpoint global trouble spots with a very high level of precision. This means that they play an important role in the system of early warning. These satellites combine with optical and electronic systems to make an important contribution to military reconnaissance.
